Case report: a grievous tale of a rare primary thyroid leiomyosarcoma

Abstract Background Primary thyroid leiomysosarcoma is a rare and aggressive disease which represents 0.014% of primary cancers. It confers diagnostic conundrum, due to difficulty make preoperative diagnosis leiomyosarcoma differentiate it from anaplastic carcinoma. Case presentation We herein report case leiomyosarcoma. A 48-year-old male presented with history anterior neck swelling for the past 2 months. Computed tomography (CT) showed hypodense nodule at right lobe calcification causing tracheal deviation, intratracheal extension 1st 2nd rings presence lung metastases. The histopathology analysis yield high grade spindle cell neoplasm suggestive sarcoma. Immunohistochemistry that neoplastic cells were positive smooth muscle actin , vimentin caldesmon while no reactivity was reported thyroglobulin, calcitonin, transcription factor-1, S-100, CD45, CD 5, cytokeratins. Patient had undergone tracheostomy chemotherapy but he succumbed death 1 month after completion chemotherapy. Conclusion leiomyoarcoma very disease. treatment ranging surgery, adjuvant radiotherapy chemotherapy, recurrence rates.